Nature has created all sorts of variations and the curious nature of mankind always inspires him to understand these variations. The variations in biological systems are highly complex in nature. To understand these complex biological phenomena, serious efforts have been made by researchers during last few decades. Molecular biology is one such field that has witnessed an exponential amount of sequence information as a result of rapid DNA sequencing technologies. In order to understand, organize and analyze such ever increasing sequence information, integrated fields like Bioinformatics and Computational Biology have emerged. In the recent past, extensive research efforts were made in these fields which led to the development and application of tools, software, computational techniques, statistical approaches, simulation techniques, mathematical models to study the biological systems. Keeping in view the recent developments made in the fields of bioinformatics and computational biology, the present volume representing an excellent collection of topics was brought out. The topics covered in this volume include: o Role of bioinformatics in biotechnology o Computational resources for next generation sequencing data analysis o Allele mining and bioinformatics o Bioinformatics in screening and analysis of pathological mutations o Sequence analysis of diacylglycerol acyltransferases o Optimization of in situ stresses and fracture properties with genetic algorithm o Bioinformatics approach for journey of protein from sequence to structure o Protein structure modeling o Characterization of polypeptide syntheses and no ribosomal peptide synthetics o Recent progress on modeling of G protein-coupled receptors o Characterization of integral membrane proteins at molecular level o Magnetic Resonance methods in modern biology o Microarrays in genomics analysis o Statistical analysis of microarray gene expression data o Sample size calculation method for microarray studies with survival endpoints o Livestock genomics: Resources and bio-computational applications o Overview of systems biology o Gene regulatory networks o Overview of network biology with computational tools o Epigenetic in sustaining the livelihood o Genetic diversity analysis of animals o Protein legend interactions The volume 6 contains 22 chapters from 44 researchers and/or academicians representing 7 nations, namely Finland, India, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Spain and United States of America giving an overview of the various research activities being carried out in different parts of the world in the fields of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology.Nan biotechnology is a wedlock of two very recent but rapidly progressing fields of modern science that deals with nano scaled materials possessing potential for application in various biological systems. The key advantage of nonmaterial is their size, enabling them to interact directly with extra and intra cellular components. This volume 10 of 12 volume series on Recent Developments in Biotechnology mainly emphasizes on the role of such nano sized materials in varied biotechnological areas of interest. The volume comprises of a set of articles covering different areas of nano biotechnology such as nano material synthesis, characterization and fictionalization along with their applications in various fields like disease diagnosis, cancer inhibition and imaging, drug delivery, gene delivery, etc. The authors of these articles have been successful in paying attention to the most intricate details, thereby allowing readers to get an insight of the state of the art work being carried out in nanobiotechnology, thus making this volume easy to understand for readers from different backgrounds.